#12F: Distinguish between hypothesis and theory as scientific terms

hy·poth·e·sis
   /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs, hɪ-/ Show Spelled[hahy-poth-uh-sis, hi-] Show IPA
–noun, plural -ses  /-ˌsiz/ Show Spelled[-seez] Show IPA.
1.
a proposition, or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide investigation (working hypothesis) or accepted as highly probable in the light of established facts.
2.
a proposition assumed as a premise in an argument.
3.
the antecedent of a conditional proposition.
4.
a mere assumption or guess.



the·o·ry
   /ˈθiəri, ˈθɪəri/ Show Spelled[thee-uh-ree, theer-ee] Show IPA
–noun,plural-ries.
1.
a coherent group of general propositions used as principles of explanation for a class of phenomena: Einstein's theory of relativity.
2.
a proposed explanation whose status is still conjectural, in contrast to well-established propositions that are regarded as reporting matters of actual fact.
3.
Mathematics. a body of principles, theorems, or the like, belonging to one subject: number theory.
4.
the branch of a science or art that deals with its principles or methods, as distinguished from its practice: music theory.
5.
a particular conception or view of something to be done or of the method of doing it; a system of rules or principles.
6.
contemplation or speculation.
7.
guess or conjecture.


more information.
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List of notable theories

Astronomy: Big Bang Theory

Biology: Cell theory — Evolution — Germ theory

Chemistry: Atomic theory — Kinetic theory of gases

Climatology: Theory of Global Climate Change (due to anthropogenic activity)

Education: Constructivist theory — Critical pedagogy theory — Education theory — Multiple intelligence theory — Progressive education theory

Engineering: Circuit theory — Control theory — Signal theory — Systems theory

Games: Combinatorial game theory — Game theory — Rational choice theory

Geology: Plate tectonics

Humanities: Critical theory

Literature: Literary theory